Charcot, Jean Martin (1825-93) French neurologist born in Paris.
Charcot worked at the famous Salpêtrière clinic where he made important contributions to neurology. He’s best known, however, for his pioneering work on hypnotism and is often mentioned as one of Freud’s early instructors.
His studies on hysteria interested Freud, who in turn developed his own theory of hysteria.
Charcot found that brain damage to certain regions of the cerebral cortex resulted in speech impairment and epilepsy. This supported the seminal work of Paul Broca, suggesting that different parts of the body are controlled by corresponding regions of the cerebral cortex.
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